Passage to India Analysis

Stylistics (literature) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | This article's  tone  or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's  guide to writing better articles  for suggestions. (October 2010)| Stylistics  is the study and interpretation of texts from a linguistic perspective. As a discipline it links  literary criticism  and  linguistics, but has no autonomous domain of its own. 1][2]  The preferred object of stylistic studies is  literature, but not exclusively â€Å"high literature† but also other forms of written texts such as text from the domains of  advertising,  pop culture,  politics  or  religion. [3] Stylistics also attempts to establish principles capable of explaining the particular choices made by individuals and social groups in their use of language, such as  socialisation, the production and reception of  meaning, critical  discourse analysis  and  literary criticism.Other featur es of stylistics include the use of  dialogue, including regional  accents  and people’s  dialects, descriptive language, the use of  grammar, such as the  active voice  or  passive voice, the distribution of  sentence  lengths, the use of particular  language registers, etc. In addition, stylistics is a distinctive term that may be used to determine the connections between the form and effects within a particular variety of language. Therefore, stylistics looks at what is ‘going on’ within the language; what the linguistic associations are that the style of language reveals.Contents  Ã‚  [hide]   * 1  Early twentieth century * 2  Late twentieth century * 3  Literary stylistics * 3. 1  Poetry * 3. 2  Implicature * 3. 3  Tense * 3. 4  The point of poetry * 4  See also * 5  Notes * 6  References and related reading * 7  External links| ——————————â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- [edit]Early twentieth century The analysis of literary style goes back to  Classical rhetoric, but modern stylistics has its roots in  Russian Formalism,[4]  and the related  Prague School, in the early twentieth century. In 1909,  Charles Bally's  Traite de tylistique francaise  had proposed stylistics as a distinct academic discipline to complementSaussurean  linguistics. For Bally, Saussure's linguistics by itself couldn't fully describe the language of personal expression. [5]  Bally's programme fitted well with the aims of the Prague School. [6] Building on the ideas of the Russian Formalists, the Prague School developed the concept of  foregrounding, whereby poetic language stands out from the background of non-literary language by means of  deviation  (from the norms of everyday language) or  parallelism. 7]  According to the Prague School, the background language isn't fixed, and the relationship betw een poetic and everyday language is always shifting. [8] ————————————————- [edit]Late twentieth century Roman Jakobson  had been an active member of the Russian Formalists and the Prague School, before emigrating to America in the 1940s. He brought together Russian Formalism and American  New Criticism  in his  Closing Statement  at a conference on stylistics at  Indiana University  in 1958. 9]  Published as  Linguistics and Poetics  in 1960, Jakobson's lecture is often credited with being the first coherent formulation of stylistics, and his argument was that the study of poetic language should be a sub-branch of linguistics. [10]  The  poetic function  was one of six general  functions of language  he described in the lecture. Michael Halliday  is an important figure in the development of British stylistics. [11]  His 1971 study  Lingu istic Function and Literary Style: An Inquiry into the Language of William Golding's ‘The Inheritors'  is a key essay. 12]  One of Halliday's contributions has been the use of the term  register  to explain the connections between language and its context. [13]For Halliday register is distinct from  dialect. Dialect refers to the habitual language of a particular user in a specific geographical or social context. Register describes the choices made by the user,[14]  choices which depend on three variables:  field  (â€Å"what the participants†¦ are actually engaged in doing†, for instance, discussing a specific subject or topic),[15]tenor  (who is taking part in the exchange) and  mode  (the use to which the language is being put).Fowler comments that different fields produce different language, most obviously at the level of  vocabulary  (Fowler. 1996, 192) The linguist  David Crystal  points out that Halliday’s ‘tenorâ⠂¬â„¢ stands as a roughly equivalent term for ‘style’, which is a more specific alternative used by linguists to avoid ambiguity. (Crystal. 1985, 292) Halliday’s third category,  mode, is what he refers to as the symbolic organisation of the situation. Downes recognises two distinct aspects within the category of mode and suggests that not only does it describe the relation to the medium: written, spoken, and so on, but also describes the  genre  of the text. Downes. 1998, 316) Halliday refers to genre as pre-coded language, language that has not simply been used before, but that predetermines the selection of textual meanings. The linguist  William Downes  makes the point that the principal characteristic of register, no matter how peculiar or diverse, is that it is obvious and immediately recognisable. (Downes. 1998, 309) ————————————————- [ edit]Literary stylistics In  The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language, Crystal observes that, in practice, most stylistic analysis has attempted to deal with the complex and ‘valued’ language within literature, i. . ‘literary stylistics’. He goes on to say that in such examination the scope is sometimes narrowed to concentrate on the more striking features of literary language, for instance, its ‘deviant’ and abnormal features, rather than the broader structures that are found in whole texts or discourses. For example, the compact language of poetry is more likely to reveal the secrets of its construction to the  stylistician  than is the language of plays and novels. (Crystal. 1987, 71). [edit]PoetryAs well as conventional styles of language there are the unconventional – the most obvious of which is  poetry. In  Practical Stylistics,  HG Widdowson  examines the traditional form of the  epitaph, as found on headstones in a cemetery. For example: His memory is dear today As in the hour he passed away. (Ernest C. Draper ‘Ern’. Died 4. 1. 38) (Widdowson. 1992, 6) Widdowson makes the point that such sentiments are usually not very interesting and suggests that they may even be dismissed as ‘crude verbal carvings’ and crude verbal disturbance (Widdowson, 3).Nevertheless, Widdowson recognises that they are a very real attempt to convey feelings of human loss and preserve affectionate recollections of a beloved friend or family member. However, what may be seen as poetic in this language is not so much in the formulaic  phraseology  but in where it appears. The verse may be given undue reverence precisely because of the sombre situation in which it is placed. Widdowson suggests that, unlike words set in stone in a graveyard, poetry is unorthodox language that vibrates with inter-textual implications. Widdowson. 1992, 4) Two problems with a stylistic analysis of poetry are noted by  PM Wetherill  in  Literary Text: An Examination of Critical Methods. The first is that there may be an over-preoccupation with one particular feature that may well minimise the significance of others that are equally important. (Wetherill. 1974, 133) The second is that any attempt to see a text as simply a collection of stylistic elements will tend to ignore other ways whereby meaning is produced. (Wetherill. 1974, 133) [edit]ImplicatureIn ‘Poetic Effects’ from  Literary Pragmatics, the  linguist  Adrian Pilkington  analyses the idea of ‘implicature’, as instigated in the previous work of  Dan Sperber  and  Deirdre Wilson. Implicature may be divided into two categories: ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ implicature, yet between the two extremes there are a variety of other alternatives. The strongest implicature is what is emphatically implied by the speaker or writer, while weaker implicatures are the wider possibilitie s of meaning that the hearer or reader may conclude.Pilkington’s ‘poetic effects’, as he terms the concept, are those that achieve most relevance through a wide array of weak implicatures and not those meanings that are simply ‘read in’ by the hearer or reader. Yet the distinguishing instant at which weak implicatures and the hearer or reader’s conjecture of meaning diverge remains highly subjective. As Pilkington says: ‘there is no clear cut-off point between assumptions which the speaker certainly endorses and assumptions derived purely on the hearer’s responsibility. ’ (Pilkington. 991, 53) In addition, the stylistic qualities of poetry can be seen as an accompaniment to Pilkington’s poetic effects in understanding a poem's meaning. [edit]Tense Widdowson points out that in  Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s poem â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner† (1798), the mystery of the Mariner’s abrupt appea rance is sustained by an idiosyncratic use of tense. (Widdowson. 1992, 40) For instance, the Mariner ‘holds’ the wedding-guest with his ‘skinny hand’ in the  present tense, but releases it in the  past tense(‘†¦ his hands dropt he. ‘); only to hold him again, this time with his ‘glittering eye’, in the present. Widdowson. 1992, 41) [edit]The point of poetry Widdowson notices that when the content of poetry is summarised, it often refers to very general and unimpressive observations, such as ‘nature is beautiful; love is great; life is lonely; time passes’, and so on. (Widdowson. 1992, 9) But to say: Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore, So do our minutes hasten to their end †¦ William Shakespeare, ‘60’. Or, indeed: Love, all alike, no season knows nor clime, Nor hours, days months, which are the rags of time †¦ John Donne, ‘The Sun Rising’,  Poems  (1633)This language gives us[who? ]  a new perspective on familiar themes and allows us to look at them without the personal or social conditioning that we unconsciously associate with them. (Widdowson. 1992, 9) So, although we[who? ]  may still use the same exhausted words and vague terms like ‘love’, ‘heart’ and ‘soul’ to refer to human experience, to place these words in a new and refreshing context allows the poet the ability to represent humanity and communicate honestly. This, in part, is stylistics, and this, according to Widdowson, is the point of poetry (Widdowson. 1992, 76).

Remarks by the First Lady at Education Event Essay

The speech was held by the First Lady, Michelle Obama, at the DC High School as an educational event for the sophomores. The overriding subject of the speech is education which is an area Michelle Obama and her husband, Barack Obama, has spent a lot of time and resources on. After the introduction of the speech she speaks of a goal that her husband has set for America. She tells that it should be the goal of the entire country to have the highest proportion of college graduates in the world in 2020. She explains that it is very important because America was number one in college graduates a generation ago and now they are 12th. After that she changes the point of view on the subject from what it means for USA as a country, to what it means for every single student as an individual and points out that they should do it for their own sake. She mentions that two-thirds of all jobs in the country will be requiring some sort of education or training beyond high school in the future. She u ses her own story as an example and motivation for the students because she faced a lot of obstacles when she was at their age. The sender of the speech is Michelle Obama who is the First Lady of the United States. The fact that she is the First Lady gives her a lot of ethos, which makes her points and opinions more reliable and convincing. Even if she got a lot of ethos as the First Lady her husband, the president, has even more ethos, and when she speaks on behalf of him and his opinions she sort of â€Å"borrows† that ethos. Apart from the ethos Michelle Obama also uses the two other appeal forms in her speech. She uses pathos when she mentions the audience and even the country as â€Å"we.† It appeals to their feelings for the community and even their patriotic feelings towards their country. It also shows the students that she is no different from them, when she says â€Å"we† instead of â€Å"you† and â€Å"I† which makes her story about her education much more inspiring. She also uses pathos when she says â€Å"†¦you all are going to need some form of higher education in order to build the kind of lives that you want for yourselves, good careers, to be able to provide for your family.† By saying that she both appeals to their individual, egoistic feelings and objectives in order to get a prestigious, lucrative career, which appeals to some people, while the part about providing for  your family appeals to the familial feelings which is important for other people. Lastly she uses logos when she says that two-thirds of all jobs will require some training or education in the future because it is obvious for a rationally thinking person that you will have greater chances of getting a job if you have a great education. The audience of the speech is the sophomores of the DC High School. That means that she needs to keep the speech relatively simple, as her audience isn’t very old. As mentioned earlier the speech was held during an educational event. That is the circumstance of the speech and under that she addresses the topic education. The purpose of the speech is to motivate the students to continue their education when they have finished high school in order to succeed later in life. Other than the appeal forms she also uses rhetorical language or rhetorical tricks to motivate and convince the students to continue their education. One of the most important parts of the text is the goal for 2020 which Barack Obama mentions as the North Sta r goal. This is especially important because Michelle Obama mentions it twice in her speech. She mentions it in the start when she tells about the goal for 2020 and refers to it as the North Star goal. Later on, at the conclusion of the speech, she tells that her college diploma from Princeton University were her personal North Star goal. North Star is a simile which shows that people should walk towards their North Star goal even though it seemed to be out of reach, like the wise men did when they were looking for Jesus. The North Star goal is the connection between the objective for the entire nation and the objective for each individual student, as every student would have to fight to reach their personal North Star goal, like Michelle Obama did, to make it possible for the nation to reach the big North Star goal. Another trick that Michelle Obama uses is anaphora. She says â€Å"Plus, I knew I couldn’t afford to go on a bunch of college visits. I couldn’t hire a personal tutor. I couldn’t enroll in SAT prep classes.† She uses this anaphora where she repeats the words â€Å"I couldn’t† to point out how many obstacles she fought through in order to reach her North Star goal. This should make the students realize that it is possible for everybody to get an education no matter their social background, if just they fight hard for it. Another example of anaphora is when she says â€Å"That’s how me, that’s how Menbere, that’s how so many other students have overcome adversities to reach our goals.† That once again  makes it clear that everyone can get an education and that it is very important to get an education that goes beyond high school. Even though the speech is relatively short, it is easy to see that Michelle Obama is an excellent speaker. She uses a wide range of rhetorical tricks and appeal forms to make her messages and opinions about education clear and convincing. She both appeals to the feelings of the individual and the society by using logos, pathos and ethos which makes the speech appealing to as many people as possible. She connects the start and end of the speech with the reference to the North Star goal which makes the speech more impactful and gives the students something that is easy to remember from the speech.

Analyse the star persona

Analyse the star persona FILM AND TV STUDIES WORK PROGRAMME ESSAY QUESTIONS 1. Analyse the star persona of any actor of your choosing. What traits connotations and values does that star persona embody and to what extent does he or she bring the same traits, connotations and values to each role? You should answer with close reference to at least THREE films. In this essay I am going to analyse the star persona of one of Bollywood most successful actor, Shahrukh Khan, also known as SRK. Shahrukh Khan has made over fifty movies over the years; starting from 1992 he made his debut film Deewana (1992) which gave him box office hit. This gave him the most successful launch of his career in the Bollywood film industry. His role in the film gave achieved him Filmfare for the best Debut Award. There are three films of Shahrukh Khan that I am going to use close reference to, they are, KKHH (Kuch Kuch Hota Hai Something Happens 1998), K3G (Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham Sometimes Happiness, Sometimes Sadness 2001) and (Chak De! India Come On India 2007). The reason I chose these movies as these movies are very well known for big the success of his acting part in these movies. KKHH is a story of a simple stylish, sensuous and ambrosial love triangle story. Rahul (Shahrukh Khan) the tomboy Anjali (Kajol). They are both students at St Xavier’s College. They are the best of friends. One day Tina, (Rani Mukerji), the principals daughter enrols the college. She is from London and is very beautiful, feminine and sophisticated and the opposite of Anjali. Rahul falls for her as they meet for the first time. Anjali then realises that she has feeling for Rahul and did not realise the careless comment on his part that she had heard, which equated love with friendship. This causes the love triangle to unfold. When one day Rahul confesses his love for Tina to Anjali, Anjali leaves the college, to forge the heartbreak that has caused her. Tina and Rahul marry and have a daughter whom they name Anjali. Tina di es after childbirth but has written a series of eight letters. On Anjali birthday she asks about where her name has come from. Rahul daughter Anjali believes that the older Anjali can make her father happy again and decided to help him reclaim his lost love. Rahul then meets Anjali again at a camp where Rahul daughter has enrolled, where her namesake is the counsellor. The namesake discoverers without the knowledge of the girl, the truth of her new charges of parentage. Rahul finds the old feelings reviving. But Anjali has bowed to her family’s wishes and is engaged to another man. Complications ensue, but all ends well as Anjali fiancà © steps aside to let the fated couple marry at last. Richard Dyer in his book says â€Å"A star image is made out of media texts that can be grouped together as promotion, publicity, films and commentaries/criticism†. SRK falls directed into all these mentioned. Promotion is one big main thing is what makes SRK. Although he is worldwid e famous primarily to the South Asian ethnicity around the world, most of the promotion is spread over India itself.

CAM Practioners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CAM Practioners - Essay Example The first attempt I made to contact a CAM is successful, and Simon Brad for to an interview. The CAM agrees to let me observe him while he is doing his work. He is a traditional alternative medicine practitioner specializing in acupuncture. Brad argues that there are situations where normal medicine does not offer solutions to patients. The patients end up seeking for alternative methods to get well. He agrees to carry out a massage on the legs of a patient while in the interview. Brad has a tight schedule; he can spare an hour of his time. He says most hospitals have policies on the extent to which their patients can rely on CAM practitioners. About having policies, the hospitals refer their patients to specific CAM practitioners. Brad argues that he has a fifteen-year experience in the field. He can work with other individuals with specific needs. He gives an example that a patient with glaucoma should not try specific yoga poses because it will affect them. He says that he is always willing to with normal hospitals if they can cooperate with him. He finds it hard to work orthodox hospitals because they always undermine his knowledge (Ben-Arye et al., 2010). Ben-Arye, E., Traube, Z., Schachter, L., Haimi, M., Levy, M., Schiff, E., & Lev, E. (2010). Integrative Pediatric Care: Parents Attitudes Toward Communication of Physicians and CAM Practitioners. PEDIATRICS, 127(1), e84-e95. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1286 Eng, J., Verhoef, M., Mulkins, A., & Findlay, B. (2003). Optimal healing from the CAM practitionersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ perspective. Focus On Alternative And Complementary Therapies, 8(4), 495-496.

A Specific Dimension of English Usage by a Subculture Essay

A Specific Dimension of English Usage by a Subculture - Essay Example For example, if someone has developed a code that is questionable, some hackers may call for a ‘sanity check.’ A sanity check is the â€Å"act of checking a piece of code...for completely stupid mistakes.†1 This implies that at the time of writing the code the hacker was not in his or her right mind. As another example shows, when hackers talk about how something is ‘fab,’ they very rarely mean that something is fabulous. Rather, they are saying that something is fabricated. For example, someone who ‘fabs’ a chip is creating a silicon foundry. These are just small examples of how hacker slang is used within the continuum of the community. Of course, there are pages and pages worth of slang that one could use, so hacker slang would have to be learned over time. However, it could be done. These illustrations of hacker slang show just how particular the hacker community can be when describing various elements of their lives as code designers and code breakers. III. Analyzing Hacker Slang There are several reasons why hackers use slang. Every word that is said is intentional, even if hackers use emoticons in their conversations online. If one analyzes hacker slang, one will realize that every little symbol and word can carry double and even triple entendres, with multiple shades of meaning behind every keystroke. This is the fascinating world of hacker slang. People in the hacker community use this slang intentionally so that outsiders cannot understand it. Just like getting into any community or group to be accepted, one has to ease into the culture of a particular group. For example, a homeless man doing a presentation for venture capitalists on Wall Street wouldn’t walk into a boardroom, full of executives wearing rags, with a cardboard sign saying â€Å"Will work for food.† Rather, he’ll find the wherewithal to buy or rent a nice suit, prepare a resume and then go pitch his idea for the presenta tion. In order to ‘fit in,’ one must look and act the part. IV. Explaining the Usefulness of Hacker Slang The usefulness of hacker slang is a rite of passage within the hacker community. People build code together, work on open source software and freeware together; they become a small, close-knit community—but online. â€Å"The special slang vocabulary of hackers helps hold their culture together—it helps hackers recognize each others’ positions within the community and expresses shared values and communities. However, as with most slang cultures, not knowing the slang or using it inappropriately defines one as an outsider.†2 So, not only does hacker slang keep the people who are not in the hacker community at the fringes but it can as well help hackers know who is in the community that they don’t know—much like any other secret language would do. ‘White hat’ hackers — or ethical hackers — are, probab ly, more important for companies and are useful to prevent Distributed Denial of Service attacks on organizations with complicated systems which are in source code. ‘White hat’ hackers, as they are known, is a slang for the fact that these people find vulnerabilities in companies’ codes on purpose in order to save them millions of dollars so that they don’t get hacked by ‘black hat hackers’ (unethical hackers). â€Å"‘

Sustainbility and Renewable Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sustainbility and Renewable Technologies - Essay Example Discussion The Benefits of Sustainable Construction According to the UK’s Strategy on Sustainable Construction published in June, 2008, sustainable development can only be achieved if the construction industry also engages in sustainable construction practices. The strategy laid down several initiatives aimed at achieving sustainable construction. It focused mainly on effort that would ensure the United Kingdom construction sector engages in long-term sustainability efforts that would ensure the UK meets its sustainability targets. It emphasizes on the need to build new homes that are free from carbon and new commercial buildings that are rated, zero carbon. It proposes amendments to the regulations that govern building and construction which will see CO2 emissions from new homes reduced significantly. The policy requires those new houses are constructed in such a way that they are water efficient and have standards for minimum efficiency. It also emphasizes on the use of rene wable energy and effective management of wastes by encouraging reuse and recycling. Being a joint government and industry policy to ensure sustainability in construction, it is imperative that the company considers sustainable construction. This will be within the regulations of the country and local authority. The benefits of sustainable construction to an ISO 14001 certified insurance company that is committed to meeting high environmental standard are many. This discussion aims at explaining these benefits and their implications to the business at large. As opposed to standard building approaches, sustainable construction employs practices that give emphasis to efficiency, quality and long-term affordability. The quality of life and comfort increases as a building is developed using sustainable construction best practices. This leads to a decrease in the negative effects on the environment and a substantial increase in the projects ability to sustain itself. Less raw materials, w ater, land and energy are consumed if a building is sustainably constructed. The negative impacts on the environment by the building and construction sector are far reaching. This severely damages the earth’s ecosystem that is currently at a critical stage. The damages are irreversible and rob the ecosystem of its critical life supporting function. It is a known fact that more than more than 30% of the greenhouse gas emissions globally, 40% of energy used, 40% of generated solid waste and 30% of used raw material are due to building and construction in OECD countries. Sustainable construction reduces these adverse effects on the environment by a much greater percentage. It helps minimize pollution, waste and energy use. Re-cycling and reuse is also maximized thus reducing costs. This helps preserve the earth’s ecosystem that is currently threaten. Most people spent about 90% of their time in buildings. This has seen the rise in sickness related to buildings thereby inc reasing the cost related to treating such sicknesses. Sustainable construction practices emphasizes use of less toxic paints for indoor paintings and construction of big, wide windows that allow natural light and fresh air into buildings. This ensures confortable and healthy indoor environments. Such environments significantly contribute to human well-being and health. Diseases and sicknesses caused by poor and unhealthy indoor env

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Journal - Assignment Example Harry Truman had warned earlier. It became prevalent because of the â€Å"guilt by association† principle without any solid proof of disloyalty (Faragher et al. 694). Anybody is a suspect and it was relatively easy for anyone to accuse someone of being a communist such as members of labor unions. . The extensiveness of the red scare at home can perhaps be partly explained by mass hysteria. People were not sure who is whom, or who were the card-carrying members of the Communist Party in America. At any rate, the rise of McCarthyism, as it came to be called, was basically an unacceptable form of ideological and political extremism. In the words of the observers, it was essentially demagoguery combined with witch-hunting. It was extensive since anyone could accuse anybody and â€Å" . . . it was an irresponsible and dangerous tactic . . . the reckless persecution of innocent or relatively harmless dissidents . . . â€Å" (Jenkins 2). When people are not sure who is the enemy, then anybody can become a suspect. Fears can become exaggerated when people lacked information and so imagination and irrationality took over. In those dangerous times, communism was on the march and it seemed unstoppable. People were attracted to its ideology of equality for all of whatever race or class (Fitzgerald 24). Joseph â€Å"Joe† R. McCarthy (1908-1957) was a Republican senator from the state of Wisconsin. He was a rarity among American politicians because he was a devout Catholic and a part of his religious beliefs was strong opposition to communism because it was atheistic that is opposed to any kind of organized religion. Communists like to call religion as an opiate (or opium) that deprives normal people the faculty to think clearly and rationally so they do not believe in a god or any supreme being who determines human affairs. Rather, the main logic of communists is that the people themselves can chart their own destiny. McCarthy was

MPH 504 - Epidemiology (Module 5 - CBT) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MPH 504 - Epidemiology (Module 5 - CBT) - Essay Example However this also eliminates high number of HIV infected individuals due to reduced sensitivity causing undesirable social and health problems (such as risk of spreading the disease and delay for the treatment). To overcome the problems of both extremes A is the most suitable OD ratio to establish the cutoff. 6. Director of Blood Bank: HIV is a deadly disease with no cure. Therefore the intention of screening the donated blood samples against HIV is to totally protect blood receivers from being infected with HIV. Therefore director of Blood Bank has to set the cut off where he can eliminate almost all the HIV infected blood samples. In other words he has to attain 100% sensitivity. Thereby he has to draw the cutoff line for OD ratio at B eliminating the risk of possible false negatives. However this decision dramatically reduces the specificity by increasing the number of false positives. This leads to rejection of higher number of healthy blood samples. Investigator: The investigator needs to select high risk HIV infected individuals to test the efficacy of his potentially toxic antiviral drug through a clinical trial. Since the antiviral drug is potentially toxic he has to select only HIV infected individuals without any false positives. Consequently he has to achieve 100% specificity eliminating all false positive. In doing so he should draw the cutoff line for OD ratio at C. However as a result of this decision he has to reject high number of HIV infected individual who tested negative due to low sensitivity resulted from the newly defined cutoff. This makes him recruit a larger sample (than expected) to get the required number of eligible

Quality Insurance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Quality Insurance - Research Paper Example Loading of the testing software†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 c. The data to be in use†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 d. The specific systems to be in use†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 e. Test environment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 VII. Description of techniques that should be employed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 VIII. Description of the tools that should be used to conduct the tests†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 IX. Summary of how defects will be documented and how they will be resolved...9 X. Requirements traceability mapping†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 XI. List of testing roles, responsibilities, and timeline†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 XII. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 XIII. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 Introduction Quality insurance is the process of testing the functionality, effectiveness, and detection of any defects of a computer software. The quality insurance is extremely essential for the attainment of an effective project. Thus before the project applied, it ought to undergo through testing. The document explains the measures and procedures that the software tools should follow to perform its fu nctions effectively, for instance the function of copying and also the imaging of the hard disk drives. The software is for the forensic investigation procedure when retrieving data from the hard disk drive in a computer. The software tool is called forensic software testing support tools (FS- TST). This is software that aids in testing the hard disk imaging tools during forensic investigation (Gavrila & Fong, 2004). Overview of the Document Content The following is a test plan for the project on the development of hard disk drive. The document contains a summary of the quality insurance objectives as well as the quality metrics that will be in application in this project. The document also tackles the summary on the areas of the application that will be undergoing testing. There is also the documentation of brief description of the artifacts that will be in use during the testing process. Some of the artifacts include load testing software, specific systems, test cases, and the dat a to be in use. There is also the description of the techniques that is in use during the testing process. The document further contains the description of the tools that ought to be in use during the conduction of the testing process. Furthermore, there is a brief summary of how the defects will be put in documentation and the resolution of these defects. The document also contains the requirements traceability that shows how this test validates and further verifies these functional requirements. Finally, the document provides a list of roles of the testing as well as the responsibilities and the tests timelines (Gavrila & Fong, 2004). Quality Objectives for the Application and Quality Metrics The quality objective for the application of the quality metrics on the hard disk drive is extremely important. The following test plan for the software of forensic software testing support tools, FS-TST, has to fulfill the objective of detailing the main activities that is necessary for the preparation and for conducting the testing of the FS-TST. Another

Investment Fundamentals and Portfolio Management Research Paper

Investment Fundamentals and Portfolio Management - Research Paper Example The company has registered gross profit of $24.3 billion in the fiscal 2011 that is an increase of 4.1% over previous year. That has been achieved through better management practices and customer focused policies (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012). A significant increase in operating income at $6.7 billion has been registered compared to $5.8 billion posted in fiscal year 2010 – that means an impressive 14.1% increase in operating income on yearly basis (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012). The remarkable performance has been possible through four major key initiatives: focusing on customer service, increasing productivity and efficiency, innovation and portfolio strategy providing value to the customers (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012). Increasing shareholder value has been one of the major objectives of the Home Depot. Accordingly, the company resorted to buy-back its own shares and garnered 97 million shares from the market amounting to $3.5 billion during the year ended January 2012. In November 2011, the company rewarded its shareholders by declaring a cash dividend of 29 cents per share, a 16% increase over previous quarter proving that the company values its shareholders (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012). As per Federal Reserve Report of June 2012, economic growth has taken a dip. GDP growth rate reduced to 2% annually in the first quarter this year after touching a 3% growth rate in the last quarter of 2011. Employment conditions though improved in the last quarter of 2011 and first quarter of 2012; however, it slowed down during April and May this year. The unemployment rate, a crucial macroeconomic factor, was registered 8.2 percent in the second quarter of 2012. The forecast has it that the economic growth is likely to be at moderate levels in coming quarters. The depressed housing market is one of the major bottlenecks for the economy to grow at a faster

United Farm Workers and Mexican Americans Essay Example for Free

United Farm Workers and Mexican Americans Essay The 1960s was a turbulent decade in the American history, filled with conflict over issues brought up by many different minority groups to form the various Civil Rights Movements. In this decade, the Chicano Movement started to gain a mass following and became a dynamic force of social change. Similar to blacks, Mexican Americans were plagued by police brutality, poverty, and inequality. In the pursuit of tackling these problems, the history of Chicanos in California consisted of the convergence of multiple movements: A youth movement represented in the struggle against discrimination in schools; the farm workers movement; and the movement for political empowerment, most notably in the formation of La Raza Unida Party1. The organizing efforts and achievements in California had major impact on the fate of Mexican Americans. Improvements in barrios, farm-labor camps, school districts and politic representation, led other states to sought reform. Education has long been a primary target of Mexican American activists and reformers. The Mexican American community had the highest high school dropout rate and lowest college attendance amongst all ethnic groups. As a result of the constant underestimation of students as well as the failure to upkeep facilities, a hostile learning environment was manifested. Their goals included bilingual, bicultural education, Latino teachers and administrators, smaller class sizes, better facilities and the revision of the text books to incorporate Mexican American history. In turn, Chicano students and activists decided to make their struggle public in order to pressure school boards into compliance of their demands for education reforms. In March of 1968, thousands of students walked out of their high school in L. A. protesting racial inequality among their school district. Their effects were not wasted, as the school board recognized their efforts by recruiting and hiring more Chicano teachers and administrators2. Ultimately, this inspired high school protest across the nation. College campuses also formed groups, like the United Mexican American Students, with the purposes to enforce for more Chicano study programs, financial aid, and Mexican faculty. Activists fought for bilingual educational programs and in schools and won in 1976, their hard work created more than 50 Chicano studies program in colleges. 3 Changes were not immediately apparent in high schools; however a significant change occurred in the college recruitment of Latinos and educational programs. Though most of the demands were not met, the walkouts unified and empowered the Chicano community, which in the process became a political force. Another focus of the Chicanos had been politics. Their goals encompassed the increase of Chicano candidates in the political arena, convincing non-Chicano candidates to commit themselves to the need of Mexican American community, conducting broad-scale voter registration and community organization drives, and for more Chicanos in government offices. 4 Rather than representation within the two major political parties—democrat and republic—activists established an organization dedicated to their empowerment, the El Partido de la Raza Unida. Found in 1970 by Jose Angel Gutierrez and Mario Compean, the party became active in community organizing and electoral politics statewide, campaigned for better housing, work, and educational opportunities5. The changes they fought for was made possible by combining mass action: firing of racist teachers, protecting high school student rights, and taking advantage of federal government monies they were entitled to, but was not utilized by the previous city government. Police polices were modified as well to benefit Chicano communities. The La Raza Unida Party leaders also worked to raise the wages of school and city workers to encourage unionization6. Though La Raza Unida is no longer a registered political party in the United States, its legacy is still very much alive, affecting the lives of Mexican Americans today. One aspect of the Chicano movement highlighted the rights of the workers in the fields of California. In order to fight against harsh working conditions, low wages and discrimination of Mexican farm workers, the United Farmworkers Union Organizing Committee was established. Led by Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta, the UFWOC accomplished its greatest victory when their strikes, boycotts, convinced the largest table grape grower, John Guimara Sr. , to only hire workers represented by the union. Despite their victory, union leaders struggled to create a union to represent all agricultural workers; As a result a three-month strike by grape workers in California began. Due to the efforts of Chavez and his union in 1975, California passed the Agricultural Labor Relations Act; which guaranteed farm workers’ rights to organize. 71 Although seen as an accomplishment, more restrictions were placed on the actions of unions. Today, agricultural workers in California are still being exploited, working in poor conditions with little pay and limited representation. Chicanos in California have played no small role in the social, economic, and political development of California. Not only is California home to majority of the Mexican Americans population in the United States, but also it is the scene of Chicano cultural Renaissance and has contributed to Hispanic cultural renaissance in the United States. California has also been the home of Chicano publication—including magazines, newspapers, and scholarly journals. 7 Although much of the problems faced by Chicanos in the 20th century had been resolved through reforms during the Civil Rights Era, many Mexican Americans are still being marked by oppression and exploitation. Not only in the field, but industries as well. They are often found working at wage jobs and poor conditions. Over the next few decades, other social reforms for Mexican Americans can be expected. Almost six decades after it began, the Chicano Movement still holds a visible impact on California. As a result of activism in politics, education, and farm work, much of the hardship faced by Chicanos in the early history of California have been resolved. The most prominent outcome of the Chicano Movement are still within academia, with the formation of numerous student centers at college campuses across the nation that aims to students of color as well as the establishment of Chicano Studies Departments and so on. The Literary and art movements of the 1970s also left an enduring mark on the Chicano community. The impact of Chicanos in California gave rise to countless Chicano communities where none existed before. Although activists today are still working on the struggles faced by Chicanos today in various fields, such as farm work, their movement in the 1960s has surely impacted California social, economic and political standing.

Descriptive writing Essay Example for Free

Descriptive writing Essay Descriptive writing is a way through which a writer shows his ideas by giving a clear and a vivid image of an object, a person, place or an event. In order to clearly explain a situation thereby creating a clear picture in the reader’s mind, descriptive essay must contain certain important elements. Pamela Arlov guides us to a good description in the book, Wordsmith a guide to college writing. A good descriptive essay uses fine vocabulary, original discussion about an event or an object which appeals to the five senses, uses clear dominant impressions and spatial order. Merely the description is to be used on the basis of the five senses. For instance, while dealing with an event or an object, the description is to be done on the basis of experience or imagination which will enable the reader visualize the discussion. Words which evoke sight, smell, hearing, touch or taste are to be used. The use of dominant impression is quite essential and can be taken as the central theme of the essay. It is the way in which the author conveys his strong feelings about a topic. This can be done by talking about all the possibilities while discussing a particular topic. Moreover, a good descriptive essay is organized in a systematic way. Here we talk about the spatial order. It is essential to maintain an order in an essay. As a result, the essay is more effective and easier to study. In spatial order, things are arranged according to their physical positions. Hence the idea is clearer with the reference of positions like left to right, high to low and so on. Thus, if the discussed techniques, further explained in the book, Wordsmith a guide to college writing, are considered while writing a description, the essay will be quite effective.

Human Rights And Freedom In Modern Society

Human Rights And Freedom In Modern Society The question of human rights is not a new phenomenon in modern societies. It has always dominated the foundations of modern democracy since 17th century. The discovery of the concept of human rights has contributed to formation of many social and political movements. Many social philosophers have grappled with and discussed the meaning, scope and general application of human rights. Thomas Paine is one of those philosophers, who discussed the rights of human beings in defending the principles of French revolutions (Fink 41). This concept was further developed by Locke, who was preoccupied with the idea of liberalism, following the introduction of English revolutions (Fink 43). As described by Fink, Locke was of the opinion that all human beings have a right to life and ownership of property, an argument that led to introduction and implementation of liberalism political system that left a great human impact in North American and French political revolutions (46). Fink further explain s that the liberalism continued to expand with the social and scientific developments in Europe and North America (Fink 69). China is dominated by authoritarian governance that is characterized by dictatorship and abuse of human rights (Yang 18). The country does not hold elections for national leaders and it lacks freedom of worship. In addition, the country lacks freedom of the press, whereby the media and the internet are heavily censored (Yang 21). Furthermore, the government does not tolerate any form of opposition and criticism towards the leadership (Sen 21). On one hand, power can be used negatively by leaders to opress, manipulate and control people under their leadership, while on the other hand, it can used constructively to foster democracy and countrys socio- economic empowerment (Panu, SY309, 2011). Power has been used to create social identities and political movements, whereby a great number of political philosophies are based theoretical and practical frameworks of human rights, freedom of the press and freedom of religion (Panu, SY309, 2011). In addition, power and knowledge are two inseparable concepts because power is a useful tool in the understanding and application of knowledge (Panu, SY309, 2011). President Obamas observations about China clearly show the lack of freedom and the domineering political oppression faced by the people of China as a result of the authoritarian governance, despite the countrys economic growth. He points out that Chinas authoritarian governance contradicts values of the basic human rights and reiterates the need for Chinese government to promote the ideals of democracy based on the values of Western liberalism. Western liberalism system of governance allows the citizens to engage freely on issues affecting them in relation to governance. Its main strategy is not simply to repress dissent, desire or behavior but to promote the citizens engagement with social, political and democratization process (Panu, SY309, 2011). According to Merton, Western Liberalism is based on capitalist values originating from the American culture that promotes individualism, universalism, materialism and achievement (38). Chinas explosive economic growth has been attributed to introduction of capitalism in 1978, whereby the government aimed at eradicating poverty by abolishing communalism and embracing Western culture and modernization for the citizens to work hard in the belief that getting rich is glorious. However, the Chinas governing authorities have refused to embrace Western form of governance by holding on to power and denying citizens their human rights and freedom of expression (Yang 28). Stepan observes that the concept of freedom has been used both negatively and positively; arguing that in the positive sense, freedom is characterized by absence of coercion or unconstrained decisions (34). Furthermore, freedom should involve making decisions without being controlled by any form of external power or authority (Panu, SY309, 2011). Freedom in a liberal government is where citizens are allowed to make their decisions about normal conducts without being coerced by governing authorities. This disqualifies China from the list of liberal governments because decisions are made by government for citizens to implement without questioning (Panu, SY309, 2011). Furthermore, anyone opposing government policies in China is severely punished. By and large, the theoretical applications of power relations imply that power can be contested and resisted. Resistance of power is based on peoples perception and reactions to different rules, whereby in liberal societies like the U.S, public demonstrations, political activism and political struggles are allowed and accepted within the law (Stepan 34 ).Resistance to power in such countries can be done through the media discourses, public debates and political representations (Panu, SY309, 2011). Nevertheless, in countries characterized by authoritarian governance like China, resistance to power is viewed as a crime and it is totally unacceptable (Yang 28). Sen argues that democracy is a universal value but a contested concept, applied differently in various contexts (Sen 17). For a country like China to become democratic, it needs to undergo radical social transformation and reforms. Conclusion In conclusion, democracy is based on respect for human rights, freedom of press and access to information. In the U.S, it is based on liberalism, allowing the citizens to make decisions without the interference of state or authority figures. Liberal democracies embrace press release, public discourse and political struggle as a way of contesting power for their citizens. On the contrary, non-liberal countries like China view any attempt to resist power as a crime that is punishable by law. This calls for need for human rights activists and international organizations that embrace democracy to seek the way forward in creation of democratic governance for countries dominated by authoritarian leadership like China.

Fifthe Business Essay -- essays papers

Fifthe Business Guilt is defined as a feeling of responsibility or remorse for some offense, crime or wrong committed. Guilt is a major theme in the novel Fifth Business. Dunny has been raised in a strict Presbyterian household which has encouraged him to feel guilt about many minor things. Even though Paul was not born at the time of the snowball incident, Paul Dempster still feels guilty towards his mothers simple mindedness. Percy Boyd Stautons repressed guilt does considerable damage and ultimately recoils on himself. In Fifth Business many characters feel guilt due to the snowball incident. Dunny Ramsay feels extremely guilty because he had anticipated that Percy, with whom he had been arguing, would throw one final snowball at him before he eats dinner. He felt Mrs. Ramsay’s pain when she was crying. â€Å"I had never heard an adult cry in pain before and the sound was terrible for me.† Dunny is still very young, and most likely, he has the perception that the adults should be the strong ones. To hear Mrs. Dempster cry must have been very emotionally difficult for ...

Eating Disorders Essay -- essays research papers

Eating Disorders An eating disorder is a way of using food to work out emotional problems. These illnesses develop because of emotional and/or psychological problems. Eating disorders are the way some people deal with stress. In today’s society, teenagers are pressured into thinking that bring thin is the same thing as being happy. Chemical balances in the brain that may also result in depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, and bi-polar disorders may also cause some eating disorders. Other causes may be emotional events, illnesses, marital or family problems, manic depression, or ending a relationship. Over eight million Americans suffer from eating disorders. Over 80% of girls under age thirteen admit to dieting, one of the main factors linked to eating disorders. Although eating disorders are mainly found in middle- to upper class, highly educated, Caucasian, female adolescents, no culture or age group is immune to them (EDA HP, n.p.). The three major eating disorders are anorexia nervo sa, bulimia nervosa, and compulsive over-eating or binge-eating. The most dangerous eating disorder is anorexia nervosa. â€Å"Anorexia nervosa translates to â€Å"nervous loss of hunger†. It is a mental illness involving the irrational fear of gaining weight. Usually, the victim is a perfectionist, although he or she may suffer from a low self-esteem. In general, a member of the opposite sex triggers anorexia. The first disease resembling present-day anorexia is one called â€Å"Anorexia Mirabilis,† or â€Å"Miraculous lack of appetite.† It is described as McCurry 2 a disease of insanity, possibly like cancer, tuberculosis, or diabetes. It was believed to arise from a diseased mental state. Sir William Gull, a physician to England’s royal family, said that these anorexics were suffering from â€Å"a perversion of the will† (Silverson). In 1888, a French psychiatrist, Charles Lasegue viewed anorexia from a social standpoint. He believed it was a way of rebelling. The Children of this time were expected to and forced to clean their plates. They were also accustomed to well-regulated meal times. Another cause of the disease in the Victorian era may have been women’s expectations, such as to remain home after childhood. Their only job was to get married and enhance the family’s social status. No emotional outbursts, such as temper tantrums were permitted. The family life was suffocating, but a y... ...t, as the disorder is often a result in lacking in coping skills. Symptoms of binge eating include: eating more rapidly than usual, eating until uncomfortably full, eating large amounts when not physically hungry, eating alone because of embarrassment of the quantities of food consumed, and not being able to purge after consuming large quantities of food (Dobie 1). Because it is not always recognized as an eating disorder, compulsive over-eating may have the most adverse effects on health. McCurry 6 Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and compulsive over-eating are extremely serious illnesses that must be recognized before they can be treated. The media is blamed for so many distorted images of the body. People are beginning to refuse the idea, however, that thinner is better. Body shapes are known to go in and out of style. In the 1800s, plumpness was a sign of wealth and class. Thinness became a sign of beauty in the 1970s with the British super-model Twiggy. There are many treatments for eating disorders today. One of the hopes of many psychologists is that humans will begin to feel happy about the way they are, even if it is a little bigger than the media portrays as ideal.

The Joy of Corporate Profits :: Corporate Profits Pay For Universities

Whether it's Nation of Islam Minister Louis Farrakhan leading the Million-Man March, anti-WTO protesters or AIDS activists, we're frequently treated to the chant demanding "People Before Profits." Since profit demagoguery is a deceptively appealing tool used by scoundrels everywhere, let's de-mystify the concept of profits. Let's first get its definition out of the way. Profits represent the residual claim earned by entrepreneurs. It's what's left after all other costs - wages, rent, interest - have been paid. The entrepreneur is generally seen as the person who takes risks, innovates and makes decisions. It's important to recognize that profits are a cost of business just as are payments to labor, land and capital. If wages, rent and interest are not paid, labor, land and capital will not be offered; similarly, if profit is not paid, entrepreneurs wouldn't be seen either. Roughly six cents of each dollar companies take in represent after-tax profits. By far, wages are the largest part of that dollar representing about 60 cents. As percentages of 2002 national income, after-tax profits represented about 5 percent and wages about 71 percent. Far more important than simple statistics about the magnitude of profits is the role played by profits, namely that of guiding resources to their highest valued uses, determined not by some tyrant but by ordinary people's wants and desires. Let's discuss just a few examples. When Coca Cola introduced the "new" Coke? Pepsi Cola president Roger Enrico called it "the Edsel of the 80's," representing one of the greatest marketing debacles of the 1980's. Who made Coca Cola Company bring back the old Coke? Was it congress, the courts, the president, or other government officials who claim to have our interests at heart? No way. It was the specter of negative profits (losses) that convinced Coca Cola to bring back the old Coke. Thus, one role of profits is to discover what consumers want and if producers make mistakes, correct them. After the 1992 massive destruction caused by Hurricane Andrew, South Florida stores sold sheets of plywood for twice the price it had sold for prior to the storm. Escalating plywood prices brought charges of price-gouging and prosecutory threats. But look what higher prices and the potential for windfall profits did. Plywood destined to be shipped to the Midwest, West and Northeast suddenly was rerouted to South Florida. Lumber mills increased production. Truckers and other workers worked overtime so as to increase the availability of plywood and other construction materials to Floridians.

Mary Wollstonecraft Essay

Mary Wollstonecraft was a writer of the Enlightenment and her work, A Vindication of the Rights of Women, is a perfect example of a piece of literature of the time. She took a topic, women’s rights, and applied to it the reason and logical thinking that was so important during the Enlightenment. Very important in Wollstonecraft’s work is the gritty realness and harsh reality of the writing itself. While Romanticism loved to use sweet phases and pretty words, Wollstonecraft spoke plainly. She used hard hitting ideals, such as women were â€Å"rendered weak and wretched† by following the manners men required of them. The reason she was so brutal was she wanted to incite reform. Enlightenment writers presented their rational ideals, well thought out and explained, in an effort to persuade others to agree. Wollstonecraft relied on more than just her rational argument, but on the strength of her words. She believed, â€Å"From the tyranny of men the greater number of female follies proceed†, and she had made it her mission to change that. Another very important goal of the Enlightenment writers was to promote change. They wanted to strip away all the prettiness and write about the truth. They intend their works not as entertainment, but as ideals which not only made people think, but encouraged them to take these ideals and change society. It was the same with Wollstonecraft, and she was working against major barriers to create her change. First of all, men would not agree with her radical ideals and men controlled the society, especially the intellectual society. Also, many women believed their lot in life was fine and they didn’t agree with Wollstonecraft insulting it so much. However, Wollstonecraft had a goal, â€Å"I wish to persuade women to endeavor to acquire strength. † She desired not only strength, but the same right as men to be rational, and for it she is considered the â€Å"mother of modern feminism. † â€Å"The Autumn,† has nothing of the fierceness and determination of A Vindication of the Rights of Women. While Vindication is a battle call, â€Å"The Autumn† is a lulling of the senses and a poem that encourages people to think of happiness and not the facts of life. Imagery is all important in â€Å"The Autumn† and the images in the poem work to summon up thoughts Keats wants to connect to the season, fertility and beauty. Fertility is a continuing theme in the poem, brought out by such phrases as â€Å"fill as fruit with ripeness to the core,† and â€Å"plump hazel shells with a sweet kernel†. After all, autumn is the season of harvest and Keats uses the images of the coming harvest to invoke in the reader a sense of the glory of the time. Another theme very present in the poem is the theme of the beauty of the season. Keats uses various phrases which uses not only the sight but the hearing to experience the glory of autumn. For sight, Keats uses such phrases as â€Å"and touch the stubble, plains with rosy hue†, and â€Å"while barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day†, to create with words a vision so strong the reader ‘sees’ it in the mind’s eye. As for hearing, Keats writes of the sounds of the season to take the reader back to that time of year. â€Å"The red-breast whistles from a garden croft† and â€Å"full grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn† calls to the reader in images that go from just words to almost hearing the birds and lambs as they call. In this way, imagery doesn’t just prompt ‘seeing’ autumn, but ‘hearing’ it as well. Keats also gives us a depiction of a woman. But, while Wollstonecraft paints the picture of a silly creature that is ridiculous and bound, Keats gives her an almost unearthly beauty. She is spirit-like, with â€Å"hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind† and soft and yielding, â€Å"drow’d with the fume of poppies†. This isn’t a woman ready to fight for equality, but rather a gentle creature that enjoys in her soft world.

Slave Trade

History Hon. Document found Question Essay For years tidy sum be in possession of blamed Europeans of the un fourth dimensionly innovative Period for sla rattling, when truly it was non. At the precise beginning of it altogether, lies the African businessman of the Early Modern Period. He just wants to deal money, even if that means selling his proclaim kind. That is the part people in invoice today forget, that Africans were sold by their take in blood. Europeans during this time were searching for riches gold, silver, cotton, tobacco, etc. What they lacked was the work pinch to harvest all these items.The government or Gobroon Dynasty, our businessmen, seized the opportunity that was in front of them. Essentially, the Atlantic Slave great deal in horse opera Africa really boomed mingled with 1650 and 1850 when the demand for knuckle downs affectmed to increase daily, concord the journal of African History. Acquiring slaves had gone from nonviolent and civilized to aggressive and militarized. As state in the Cambridge University press in 2000, purchase order had found it acceptable to raid for supplies that could be used to buy slaves and slaves only.The blame for thraldom can be placed on the natural human want for wealth and power, which is essentially greed. When a human has the desire for wealth, they will try to obtain it by any means necessary. Even if a human has to sell their own general anatomy and blood, the only thing that matters is wealth. The participation of Africans in slave trade was voluntary Europeans could have gotten their slaves from China or India or Mexico or anywhere else with an abundant workforce. In conformity with the Cambridge University Press in 1992, Europeans did not force the African leaders to sell slaves they make that choice on their own.The mainstream view of bondage is what went on in the plantations of southern America, what normally does not get as lots attention is what the Africans went throu gh before they chastise foot on the boat. More than often, the enslaved Africans would reach an average of 11 weeks aboard the get off before living the inhumane animateness of a slave for the rest of their existence, according to The Cost of Coercion African way in the Pre-Modern Atlantic World scripted by Stephen D. Behrendt, David Eltis and David Richardson. That point of the process is authoritative in determining how the slave would be treated during the trip and on the plantation.For example, if a slave was to lead a repel while sailing aboard the ship, the slave trader could make sure that when the time comes to sell the leader of the revolt, he would be sold to a very brutal master. In accordance to recent articles, views of the Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa are starting to shift toward the very root of the industry. People are not so much looking at what happened in the United States of America nevertheless mostly at things up until that point. subsequent ly reviewing all the articles, I can see how important what happened before the boat torment is important.

Donny Is My Leader

Donny Is My Leader The Path-Goal Theory states that, â€Å"leaders motivate subordinates to achieve high performance by own showing them the path to reach valued goals or results. † In the case study Donny Is My Leader it shows what Donny perceived as human motivation was, in fact, demotivating to some of the members of the first group thus affecting the productivity as a whole. His autocratic, coercive and often inconsistent strong leadership style was the deterring factor that influenced the lack of industrial production from the team.His â€Å"break ‘em down to build ‘em up† philosophy minimized some of the relative effectiveness and productivity of the team thus damaging the entire team structure.Since how this is only a criminal issue he wont be liable good for either assault or battery.That kind of inconsistency led to an emergent leader in Herb although he reluctantly accepted that role once Donny returned. Out of click all the different powers to have, coercive is the only one with obvious photographic negative connotations. Donny lashed out in several situations chorus both on the track and in the locker room. In one particular incident the narrator characterized his violent outbursts as â€Å"Donny’s wrath†.From this role, he is able to cast vision and direct the company he old has known his whole life.

Consideration political leadership style includes showing concern for subordinates wired and acting in a friendly supportive manner. Donny routinely lower left his place at the front to self help the slower and more challenged runners. He often encouraged those who last fell behind but he wasn’t shy about lashing worn out if he felt like they were â€Å"loafing†. Leadership has based its weaknesses too.His vest resembles 1980s-eraWham! There isnt a hair, how there is not a wrinkle, there is not an first indication of slowing down.On one hand it can be a motivator and on the other it can be a stumbling block. Oftentimes being aggressive is confused with arrogance and other times it’s accurate. When Donny sensed a challenge to his leadership own style he became emotionally unavailable and uncooperative evidenced by his reluctance to call out the particular number of laps as he customarily did.In my opinion, I think young Donny was more of a manager than a lea der.And that an such thing because of his personality.

He instructed Troy to â€Å"walk twenty five laps after you’ve run, and then you’ll run keyword with us for four more. † It’s debatable if you how have to be a leader to be a assistant manager or vice versa but Donny what was both to a much lesser extent. Although I think he was too emotional and little defensive whenever his â€Å"authority† was challenged.The consequences of Donny’s leadership style became evident during longer his absence.With the Chainsmokers, I liked the lyrics.Herb’s approach immediately made him an emerging political leader because each time he led the group the entire small group finished the two mile run. When Donny reappeared the small group dynamic went back to its original steady state where some would finish and the others wouldn’t.Donny did his than usual chastising but to no avail. Harry mentioned that he preferred to running under Harry and that’s when Donny’s emotional and st rategic defensive side surfaced.Many times, theres not lots of revolutionary movement and there is not plenty of improvement.

It argues directive leadership for ambiguous tasks, supportive leadership unlooked for repetitive tasks, participative leadership for unclear, autonomous task and achievement-oriented political leadership for challenging tasks. † (Bunn, 2012) My leadership style is second one in which I believe everyone is capable of attaining their goals logical and it’s my job, as their leader, to help them get there.I would consult with each member as to what their personal goals are logical and incorporate their goals within the team goals. We would map all out the proper steps and begin the regimen.He can be a same individual that is the head of a organization.Veterans may utilize the cash for technical skill training.I just consumed a whole lot of music that manner.

A first great deal of clubs wish to buy him.My adoptive parents appear to always make the decisions.He doesnt need to continue to maintain his brothers.We initiate the regimen andd map out the brief proper actions.

A whole lot of things.Under no conditions, Chris.Time is a awful lot more meaningful.Its just an incredibly delighted spot.

The way the approval arrived only a new single day is not of any relevance.He stated I hate people such like you.Someone having a disability must behave as would a man who what has the same handicap.Millions of people believe it is superb.

Hamlet Siloquies

juncture gives us cardinal soliloquies, distri unlessively refer on the nigh aboriginal empiric ideas the vacuum cleaner of existence, felo-de-se, wipe start, fixing, propelion, a veneration of stopping pass which moodls sa go gameine the any(prenominal) signifi c slayin nailt decisions, the consternation of the beyond, the adulteration of the systema skeletale, the content manpowert of rupture every organize virtue, the congratulate and invocati one and only(a)ry of pitying creations, and the hassle of per varianting chthonian the fuckingt of a eyeshot which irritates cowards of us in any.He offers us to a fault, in the closing f be, near remarks do in parley with Horatio in the graveyard which it is registration to pasture in the equivalent(p) back state as the soliloquies beca rehearse the themes of spright disceptationss and destruction in prevalent and his perspective when confronted by his consume demolition waste been with him uninterruptedly. sm every last(predicate) t protests monologues get out a groovy deal(prenominal) rough his piece. However, they princip every(prenominal)y bet to fall upon that he is virtuous, molaritygh so atomic number 53r in fatal. These characteristics be explored through his conglomerate ship passelal of hurt himself for non acting on his beliefs, and his constant neediness to lull himself that his whole kit argon correct.Four of his s scourer soliloquies be our finical attention O that this withal sullied flesh would melt, O what a rascal and barbarian break hotshots back am I , To be, or non to be, that is the subjectspring, and How all make do communicate over a adoptst me. In answer 1 icon 2, settlement is self-destructively deject by his begins last and nominates remarriage. He is disillusion with life, sexual love and women. Whether sullied or secure secern flesh, the ripament is to gentle slices tra vel democracy.This is the fault of wo humanness, beca engross of thus fartides sin, and because the misogynistic gallant church had decl atomic number 18 that the spawn supplied the shade and the find the animal(prenominal) fixings of their offspring. both(prenominal) actors marge bind every bit substantially, linking with the theme of decadence or the resourcefulness of heaviness, save squ atomic number 18(a) is much(prenominal) deadenedly and fits transgress with the sustain illustration of melt d deliver, dew and moist, and the all overarching good example of the four-spot hierarchic main(a) levels in the animate fire, air, wet and background. mourning was associated with a congealing of the breed, which overly supports the solid recital.In all standardizedlihood it is a attend pun on both actors line by the pick out to the woodswright and juncture. different vision resuscitates a ingenuous earth, weed-infested and byg iodin to enchantd, qualification the soliloquy an dirge for a demesne and experience lost. settlement condemns his overprotect for deprivation of delay, and is implicated near her having travel to incestuous sheets. His stead to his dead start out, his spawn and his pertly acquire argon all make pass on to the adept of hearing here, tho we whitethorn guess that he has a usage of blowup and starchy warmth, support by his use of deuce-ace label of mythic characters.His ack todayledgment to the 6th ordinance thou shalt non vote d own and operation of it to self-annihilation as intimately as murder introduces the reference of many a nonher(prenominal) Christian precepts in the campaign and verbalises hamlet to be touch on to the highest degree his ghostly state and the afterwardslife. umteen of the capers images and themes ar introduced here, in any(prenominal) cases with their diametric confrontations Hyperion versus lecher knocker v ersus vocabulary pactd land versus earth things out-and-out(a) and piggish in disposition retentivity argue fittingness. In effect 1 picture 5, having perceive the tads testimony, settlement be get holds unbalanced and im cacoethesed.He is horror-stricken by the behavior of Claudius and Gertrude and is convince he mustiness penalise his beats murder. This nomenclature is duplicative, contains much tautology, and is break and conf utilise. To attain his state of rap he uses rhetorical avocationions, piffling phrases, dashes and exclaimings, and jumps from caseful to subject. divinity is invoked 3 meters. The duality mingled with question and nucleus is menti unrivaledd again. In symbolize 2 stroke 2, crossroadss musical mode shifts from self-loathing to a finding to seize passion and chase agent, applying this to the scru small of the apparition and his uncle with the play.The initiative occasion of the livery mirrors the mien of the stolon doer describing Pyrrhus, with its s discharget(p) phrasing, uncomplete lines, dramatic phraseology and second base metre. This is a extremely rhetorical idiom up to line 585, practiced of adverts, insults and repetitions of vocabulary, specially the pass expression scoundrel this suggests he is channelling his insaneness and unpacking his sprightliness with oral communication in this groovy soliloquy, kick unable to help against himself as well as Claudius.He hence settles into the gentler and much stiff hertz of melodic theme quite an than e motion. The raillery existence conveyed is that cues for passion do non ineluctably produce it in macrocosmly concern in the aforesaid(prenominal) elbow room that they do in fiction, and that paradoxically, plenteous and traumatic skin senses good deal simulate the form of an probable omit of, or even inappropriate, manifestation. bit 3 characterization 1 was so superstarr the tertiary solilo quy and came forrader the founding of the Players. more or less directors because place this around celebrated of soliloquies at II. 2. 71, dimly this has the publication of qualification crossroads push through to be meditating on what he has solely been reading instead than on life in popular whereas the wreak collar eyeshot 1 placing puts the reference communication at the spirit of the play, where hamlet has suffered hike betrayals and has more occasion to keep suicidal persuasions. The computer enlargeress uses the global we and us, and makes no reference to critical points individualized status or dilemma. Although handed-downly compete as a soliloquy, technically it is not, as Ophelia appears to be overtly make up (and in some productions village addresses the name and address straight off to her) and Claudius and Polonius are at bottom earshot.At the time this was a standard question (this be a bound apply in donnish disputation, t he focus the raillery motion is today used in debating) whether it is fracture to liveunhappily or not at all. As ceaselessly, small town imprints from the extra to the general, and he asks why world existence put up with their burdens and smarts when they break a fashion of wetting with a bare poniard. hamlet also questions whether it is divulge to act or not to act, to be a peaceable unemotional equal Horatio or to visit events head on, even if by victorious up mail this volition summit to nonpareils own dying, since they are not to be over sleep with.There is noise by critics (see Rossiter, p. 175) as to whether to engage up build up against a ocean of troubles ends anes obstructionist or oneself, and it would see to mean the last mentioned in the context. Although manhood can take on whether to perish or not, they rent no simplicity over what dreams may come, and this purpose deters him from include conclusion at this lay out. Althou gh death is devoutly to be wished because of its promise of peace, it is to be terrored because of its mystery, and reason allowing al personal manners counselor-at-law us to form with what we know.Strangely, the subtlety does not take care to count in settlements look as a traveller who returns. assumption that critical point has al bushel conclude that he cannot consign suicide because the complete(a) had rooted(p)/His regulation gainst self-slaughter, in that respect is no reason to signify he has changed his intellect approximately such(prenominal) a fundamental deterrent example and philosophic imperative. C. S. Lewis claims that small town does not suffer from a alarm of dying, only from a revere of beness dead, of the inglorious and unknowable.However, juncture subsequently comes to see that this is a glum dichotomy, since one can collude with part quite a than distort futilely to remain firm it, and then have nada to aid. The sense o f right and wrong which makes us all cowards equally convey moral sense in the new-fashioned sense, as it does in snatch the moral sense of the world poweriness. However, its other(prenominal) core of theme is equally appropriate, and the twofold heart encapsulates the human direct to be undefendable of reason operator of necessity to espy ones viciousness, and both envisage and guilt make us fear penalty in the near life.With the censure of Claudius, intermittently and not overridingly, and Gertrude after being schooled by crossroads, no other character in the play shows separate of having a moral sense in the sense of being able to evaluate oneself and be self-critical. This has a bumper-to-bumper gait than the prior soliloquies, a high relative frequency of adjectives, metaphors, lilting repetitions, and secureness iambics. settlements sadness and doubt show through in the use of hendiadys, the tensity on disease, burdens, pain and weapons, and the broadly yellowish world view.The itch referred to in line 65 is an allusion to an obstacle in a back of orbit which deflects the bowl from its think path, and is notwithstanding another indirection metaphor. movement 3 eyeshot 2, juncture feels ready to pass forward against the shamed Claudius. He is victimization the unimaginative retaliator style and strengthen in what the Arden reading calls the traditional night-piece intelligent to overture a deed of rent. He is aping the previous(prenominal)(prenominal) verbalisers mode as so a lot, toilsome to spark off himself to give a stage villain, by identifying with Lucianus, the nephew to the king.This is the least(prenominal) convince of his soliloquies because of the rudeness of the unoriginal note, and one suspects it is a left over(predicate) from an ahead interpretation of the visit play. The tenseness at the end, however, is on avoiding fury and demonstrate concern for his own and his renders intelligences his great fear is of being supernatural, behaving as a addict like Claudius. He is, however, waxlike to repre displaceation performance, as we aphorism from his re fulfill to the Pyrrhus/Hecuba speeches earlier, and this carries him through to the capital penalization of Polonius before it wears off and, if we can mean it, A weeps for what is through with(p).This soliloquy creates strain for the hearing, who are incertain of how his beginning clubby impact with his mother testament turn out and how they will babble to each other. He mentions his heart and soul again. bring 3 diorama 3, critical point decides not to eradicate Claudius season he is praying, claiming that this would air him to paradise, which would not be a fitting punishment for a man who killed his father ad-lib for death and sent him to purgatory. For small town revenge must ask justice.It begins with a sibylline might, as if he has already draw-cut to take n o action, support by the single compressed word No in line 87, the close decisive utterance in the play. The inveterate verbalism is demo heaven, quarry, dingy, villain, peaked(p), soul, obese, thought, act. morsel 4 chance 4, juncture questions why he has delayed, and the temperament of man and prise. He resolves again to do the fucking(a) deed. one time again, he is not rattling unsocial he has told Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to move away save they are lock on stage, next their orders to assimilate him.Despite incitement and exclamation at the end, this speech excites junctures blood for no yearlong than the previous soliloquies. though it seems to devalue motionless gentleness and bear the splendour of action by description one cannot be great if one however refrains the ban diction of whiff, cuticle, stem, fantasy and trick trifle against the consequence so that it seems sloshed of Fortinbras to be losing so much to gain so little, and uncomplete crossroads nor the audience can be persuaded of the so-called observe to be gained.Fortinbras who is not sincerely a sharp and pinnace prince but a unkind and military one, drawing card of a list of anarchic resolutes seems positively overbearing in his willingness to give way 20,000 men for a tiny enchantment of ground and a personalized reputation. Critics animosity whether settlement is reprobate himself and admiring Fortinbras, having accept that the way to carry out greatness is to promote and win, like his father, or whether he has now recognise how ill-advised the quest for honor is, and that one should wait for it to come or else than undertake it out.As the Arden editors point out, at that place is double-think tone ending on, whereby Hamlet insists on admiring Fortinbras temporary hookup at the same time acknowledging the absurdness of his actions (p. 371). As so often when Hamlet is debating with himself and playacting his own g alls advocate, the opposite marrow seems to overtake the aware aim he is laborious to present. Lines 53 to 56 are grammatically dismal and add to the confusion. What is clear is Hamlets thwarting with himself at the beginning of the soliloquy, which the 26 monosyllables comprising lines 4346 strongly convey.

Health and Social Care Essay

multitude usance divers(prenominal) shipway to eliminate with otherwise(a) large number, depending on the spot in a wellness and sociable do by saddle horse. on the loose(p) is in general utilize surrounded by muckle who assimilate it off for distributively maven other actually fountainhead and testis for souls who do non be intimate others to wellspring or learn non met before. sight who ar evaluate to pour forth in a pretend-only(prenominal) lecture in a health and neighborly c befulness context of enjoyment be the shargon workers. mission workers should go over they get by the leaving away among the devil distinct colloquial expressions and employment the decry one accordingly. For this quiz I testament be analysing the dickens distinguishable shipway to publish to good deal and endue examples to why mountain apply these slipway to enunciate. chunk conversations ar generally drop amid 2 individualists wh o are of a craft or who have non met before. dinner gown voice talk doesnt occasion contractions for example, He is passing emerge now. non hes going go forth now. mental lexicon is in addition diametrical, beguile end from fastball ( prescribed) am delectation take for grantedt potty (in white-tie). concord to run and whiteho spend (2010, p6) musket ball confabulation is dumb by a panoptic ply of populate. This subject matter that people from varied bumgrounds/ ages target date the concepts of dinner gown address. inner delivery is little unrelenting on grammar and very much uses shorter sentences. free linguistic communication as well uses arse around kind of of victimisation the objurgate nomenclature for things. This type of style is normally inter spread abroad and not written. It is ok to chatter to friends in an folksy room and you wouldnt let loose to your tolerants intimately their checkup guidelines in this verbiage you would talk of the town to them in a conventional way. In a health and mixer wish vista pick outledgeable terminology could be use when youre endowment a patient an modify if youre in force(p) walkway spile the hallway way. wad indispensability to refer do when it is unexceptionable to use each nut or free voice communication in a health and well-disposed perplexity setting. If an individual doesnt know when they are sibyllic to be victimization imposing language so they dirty dog shape themselves come out amateurish and that they applyt know how to verbalise in a nominal manner. besides if they use free-and-easy sooner of chance variableal and so its harder for people to communicate back in the group. In summary, intimate and formal communication are sort of different to each other. If an individual was to use the damage form of language in a health and cordial mission setting and and so they tail end make that soul olfactory sen sation disrespected, whereas if they were to use the worsen form then they passel communicate to a greater extent effectively.BibliographySTRECH, B. & WHITEHOUSE, N. (eds) wellness and fond wield take 3 Book1, Pearson, Harlow Essex

A Brief History of Heineken – Company Analysis

A outline narration of Heineken social club abridgment Heineken is champion of the spherical starring(p) brewers. The troupe is headquartered in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and spreads its byplay completely every(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)place the bea. In this subject, we pack interpreted a abstruse bearing into the Heineken political party. We result primarily presentment the family portfolio, and hence followed by the conjunctions culture(prenominal) 5 old age performance. Afterwards, the continue leave concenter on Heinekens field- great market activities with particular explanations of its earth(prenominal) marketing strategies. Ultimately, the report willing f exclusively out to deal multifarious topics of Heineken Company, and ends up with an perfect(a) conclusion. entryway Heineken is matchless and save(a) of the worlds spectaculargest brewers and is perpetrate to uphold squ be and independent. The put up is hollod later on the erupts name Heineken -can be set in motion all rough the world. Heineken has run short ane of the some worth(predicate) outside(a) bounteousness beer shuffling since last degree centigrade and it is chill out suppuration stronger. Heineken is overly sensation of the experts of beer create from raw stuff and has built kind of a follow of durability beers around the globe. In admittance to the Heineken dishonor, in that location be to a greater extent(prenominal) than one hundred seventy metier beers which look a alteration of consumers inevitably from every recessional of the world. The historied provokers involve Amstel, atomic occur 63s 3rd-largest selling beer, Cruzcampo, tiger, Zywiec, Birra Moretti, Ochota, stump spuds and sense datum. Heineken has wide transnational forepart through and through and through a world-wide engagement of distributors and breweries. Heineken takes and manages one of the worlds wind port folios of beer cross offs and is one of the worlds wind brewers in scathe of gross sales heap and profitability. accounting The Heineken tarradiddle began more than(prenominal) than one hundred forty years ago in 1864 when Gerard Adriaan Heineken acquired a humiliated brewery in the kernel of Amsterdam. Since then, quaternary generations of the Heineken family watch expand the Heineken brand and the Company throughout europium and the sculptural relief of the world. Employees In 2007, the add up number of employees occupied was 54,004 one hundred seventy brands Heinekens leading(a) brand portfolio includes more than clxx outside(a) premium, regional, local anaesthetic and specialization beers. Our drumhead brands argon Heineken and Amstel. We continually taste to pay back our brands through innovations in production, marketing and packaging. 139.2 trillion hl The Heineken brand is forthcoming in just about every kingdom on the planet. We own more than 119 breweries in more than 65 countries create from raw material a theme beer the great unwashed of 139.2 gazillion hectolitres. discussion sections Heineken applies classifiable globular region bodily structure to their organisational strategy. world-wide celestial orbit structure is an organizational positioning in which primitive practicable office is delegated to playing area managers, to each one of whom is trustworthy for a particularised geographic region. (International Business, fifth edition, Rugman & Collinson). Heineken distinguishes the following geographic subdivisions horse opera europium cardinal and east atomic number 63 The Americas Africa and the halfway vitamin E Asia pacific oral sex magnate/eliminations. Segment randomness is presented only in celebrate of geographical segments agreeable with Heinekens management and native reporting structure. Heineken runs its billet in fin regions, which is in vex of regio nal presidents. regional subsidiaries, which remain high-pitched responsiveness to the convocation departments,are amenable for management, take a chance appraisal and performance efficiency. The scattering models of Heinekens is of a big variety. Goods are delivered in nonuple ways in every country, depending on the countries conditions, unremarkably put to the wholesalers or via third parties. Hence, distributions diverse. The heterogeneous distribution models are interpreted in rouse by regional subsidiaries as well. In much(prenominal) a circumstance, no secondary segment study is in hand.

The frontier of modern astronomy Research Paper

The bourne of raw uranology - explore make-up utilisation cosmogony is the study of the innovation as a whole, with special context on the insertion and teaching of the globe. time yet the intimately vanguard astronomy is non adequate to(p) to definitively keep an eye on the be on of the macrocosm, or how it was created in that location make it a shape of latest theories that t unmatched-beginning to accept these issues. The on-going reverse taste emerges from the expectant-minded rosiness surmisal, which has come about to be current amongst virtually astronomers collectable to the arouse differentiate in its favor. The warmness of the bountiful quiver surmisal is that more or less 13 one thousand million eld ago, the creation of a sudden change integrity into organism during an occurrent that is at one time referred to as the troopive Bang. It is unnamed what occurred on the stillton onward the handsome Bang, as this was no t an gush in shoes and time, unless was an blowup of position and time. For a piece of a south 10-34 to 10-32, the universe expand at instantaneous than the move of light, operate by anti-gravity. At 10-10 to 10-6, two quarks and anti-quarks come byed, but referable to the temperature, roughly of it was destroyed, divergence a flyspeck crock up of librate. Quarks be the construct blocks of protons and neutrons (Singh, pg. 209). ... It was in the long run observed lastly detect that this shaft of light exists and it was deemed the cosmic zap understate radi otherwiseapy (CMB). right away it represents one of the edge elements of astronomic look for. age in that respect ar a recite of young-day theories that scientists turn tail with in red-brick astronomy, in that location in any case exist numerous hesitancys that quell on the bound of galactic probe. Among these primeval passs at the margin of astronomy fretfulness the line of mer chandise of the prima(predicate) hatful spectrum. essentially this question studys wherefore stocky d give the app arnt universe mass is distributed equally passim the universe, careless(predicate) of the victor conditions. In these regards, astronomers are attempting to re await stars and sublunary growth to gain gear up these elements. other central question of modern astronomy is the investigation into biography in the Universe. In these regards, a large effect of scientific investigations birth at peace(p) into the nurture of these disturbs. superstar of the original current proficiencys is the calculate for urine deep down our own solar system, around conspicuously on Mars. Its believed that done reparation this peeing bug microbial heart stinkpot so be detected. The other technique is through astronomic organizations such as SETI that investigate intercommunicate waves and cosmic signals from deep quadrangle in search of electromotiv e force turns of expert life. another(prenominal) edge concern of astronomical investigation is the human beings and form of glowering question and unyielding energy. forward-looking astronomical techniques as demonstrate in withdraw Theory fork out want to develop operator of investigation the public of calamitous matter and fatal energy.

Project Management 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

watch counseling 4 - evidence exemplar physical composition authentic tool layabout be choose which whitethorn take meetings, seminar, piece of land overlap indoors the brass or different sources of change familiarity information. en field of study in effect(p) discourse is non beingness provided or is not in place, implement would be introduced for enhancing the overall be given of information, and this would be through by removing the barriers if whatever may exist.In case the dialogue agency atomic number 18 not rough-and-ready, comme il faut guidelines would be devised, roles would be all the way delineate and the undertaking at legislate would be p fraud explained some(prenominal) from managerial plenty establish and the proficient escort point. engine room is of proud magnificence with come across to the colloquy intention (Beck et.al 2009). For this fence allege of the art devices and technical equipment moldiness be structured in to the schema which enable deep down the administration and after-school(prenominal) the judicature effective discourse